¿Cómo usar el Presente Perfecto Continuo en inglés (I’ve been playing)?

– Explicación simple con ejemplos y ejercicios –

 

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A diferencia del presente perfecto, que es bastante complicado de dominar, el presente perfecto continuo (o presente perfecto continuo / presente perfecto ing) es bastante simple de usar.

Se utiliza para hablar de una acción que comenzó en tiempo pasado y continúa en el momento presente. A menudo se utiliza para enfatizar la duración de una acción (con «for», «since» y «how long…?»).

Paul started playing guitar when he was a child.
= He has been playing guitar since he was a child (and he is still playing guitar.)

1/ Formación

Have/has + been + verbe -ing

	Afirmativa	Negativa	Pregunta
I / you / we / they	I have been playing	I have not been playing	Have I been playing ?_
he / she / it	He has been playing_	He has not been playing_	Has he been playing ?_

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También podemos usar la forma contratada de I have = I’ve, He has = He’s…

2/ Uso

Cuando desee insistir en la duración (no el resultado) de una acción que ha finalizado recientemente o aún continúa:

• I’ve been watching TV for 3 hours.
• She has been living in London since 2010.
• She has been writing for two hours.
• How long have you been learning English ? → I’ve been learning English since a few weeks.
• Sam has been teaching at the university since June.
• I’ve been looking for you for one hour !
• How long has it been raining? → It has been raining the whole day.
• He’s been waiting for the train since 3pm.
• How long have you been travelling in Argentina? → I’ve been traveling for about a year.
• How long have you been studying japanese ? → I’ve been studying japanese for years.

• She has been working all afternoon, that’s why she is so tired.
• You’re out of breath, where have you been running?
• Why do you look so tired ? → I haven’t been sleeping well.
• Recently, I’ve been feeling really tired.
• What have you been doing ? → I’ve been cleaning the house.
• It has been raining, the ground is wet.
• My hands are dirty, I’ve been fixing the car.
• Marcos has not been practicing his English lately.
• Guess what he’s been doing !

3/ Notas

⚠️  Los verbos estatales como believe, love, have, know… no tienen una forma progresiva (con -ing). Las únicas excepciones al Presente Perfecto Continuo son want y mean (por ejemplo: I’ve been meaning to tell Sarah, but I keep forgetting).

• Tom has been having his car for two years. ❌
• Tom has had his car for two years. ✔️

⚠️  ¿For o Since ?

• I’ve been waiting since 2pm. (fecha / hora)
• I’ve been waiting for 2 hours. (duración)

• He has been living in China since 1997. (fecha / hora)
• He has been living in China for 18 years. (duración)

⚠️  Al usar el presente perfecto continuo en una pregunta, implica que puede ver, sentir, escuchar o sentir el resultado de una acción. Si dice ‘Have you been feeling alright ?‘, significa que la persona parece enferma o con mala salud. Si dices ‘Have you been smoking ?‘ podría significar que la persona huele a cigarrillos.

Por lo tanto, se puede insultar a alguien al usar este tiempo incorrectamente. Del mismo modo, si dices ‘You’ve been watching television again !‘ o ‘You’ve been eating chocolate‘ acusas a la persona con la que estás hablando.

 

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Tags: Tiempos