¿Cómo se forma el Futuro Perfecto en inglés?

(I will have played)

– Explicación simple con ejemplos y ejercicios –

 

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El futuro perfecto (o futur perfect en inglés) se utiliza generalmente para hablar de acciones que se completarán antes de un determinado momento, evento u otra acción futura.

• He will have finished school before 5pm. (= Saldrá de la escuela a las 5:00.) 
• The party will already have finished by the time we get there. (= La fiesta habrá terminado para cuando lleguemos.)
• Tomorrow morning she will have left. (= Mañana por la mañana se habrá ido.) 

1/ Estructura

Sujeto + WILL HAVE + Verbo (participio pasado)

	Afirmativo_	Negativo	Pregunta
I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they_	I will have played_	_I will not (= I won’t) have played_	_Will I have played ?_

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• (+) He will have finished work by 5pm.
• (-) He will not have (= won’t have) finished work by 5pm.
• (?) Will he have finished work by 5pm?

2/ Uso

Usamos el futuro perfecto para expresarnos:

* Una acción tomada antes de un evento o acción futura…

Algo sucederá antes de otra acción en el futuro, o antes de un momento específico en el futuro (tomorrow, next month, before something, by 2pm…).

Notarán que usamos el presente simple para los puntos de referencia:

• He will have cleaned up the house before they move in.
• She will have written the letter before tonight.
• I will have finished the job before the deadline.
• How many countries will you have visited by the time you turn 30?
• By the time he gets home, she will have cleaned the entire room.
• She will have finished this test by noon.
• Phil will have drunk ten beers by the time the party starts.
• Will she have learned enough japanese before she moves to Osaka?

* La duración de ciertas acciones antes de una fecha o evento futuro

• I will have known Sarah for ten years in October.
• Patrick will have lived in Sydney for 10 years by 2014.
• I will have been in London for six months by the time I leave.
• By Monday, Karl will have had my Ipod for a month.
• We will have been married for one year next month.

* La creencia de que algo acaba de suceder

• There’s no point in going to the party. Everybody will have left by now. (= I’m sure everybody has left the party)
• The bus will have left by now. (= I’m sure the bus has left)
• My parents will have arrived in Bangkok by now. (I’m sure my parents have arrived in Bangkok)

3/ Notas

⚠️ Puedes usar ‘going to’ en lugar de ‘will’ (el mismo significado).

• The bus will have left by now. = The bus is going to have left by now.

⚠️ No hay un futuro perfecto con when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc.

Usamos el presente perfecto en su lugar:

⚠️ Expresiones de tiempo comunes

A menudo usamos el futuro perfecto con:

by / by the time / before / by tomorrow / at 7 o’clock / next month / until / till

Tags: Tiempos